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If I were rich, life would be a lot easier.
もし私が金持ちなら、生活はずっと楽なのにナァ。
English grammatical rules
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TYPE-0 Conditional ： 【Possibility：100％】
Here we use a simple present in both clauses.
- If you heat ice, it melts.
- If I am late, my father takes me to school.
- If he comes to town, we have dinner together.
The TYPE-0 Conditional is used to talk about situations
that are always true if something happens.
They are also used to talk about general truths.
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it is possible to replace a TYPE-0 conditional
by a time clause using when.
- When you heat ice, it melts.
- When I am late, my father takes me to school.
- When he comes to town, we have dinner together.
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TYPE-1 Conditional ： 【Possibility：50％】
Here we use a simple present in the if-clause and
a simple future in the result clause.
- If you want, I will talk to him.
- If you finish on time, we will go to the movies.
- You will be late if you don't hurry up.
Here the situation is real and possible.
It is used to talk about a possible condition and its probable result.
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TYPE-2 Conditional ： 【Possibility：0％】
Here we use a simple past in the if-clause and
would + infinitive (bare form of the verb) in the result clause.
- If it rained, you would get wet.
- If I had more money, I would buy a new car.
- If he studied more, he would pass the exam.
The TYPE-2 conditional refers to present and future situations.
It is used to talk about unreal - impossible, improbable or imaginary - situations.
It refers to an unlikely or hypothetical condition and its probable result.
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Type 1 or type 2 - What to use?
Real and imaginary situations
The TYPE-1 conditional is often called the real conditional.
It is used for real and possible situations.
The TYPE-2 conditional is used for
unreal - impossible, improbable or imaginary - situations.
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Compare:
- If I become the President, I will give free electricity to farmers.
- If I became the President, I would give free electricity to farmers.
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In direct request or suggestions we use TYPE-1 conditional.
To make a request or suggestion more polite, we use TYPE-2 conditional.
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Compare:
- It will be nice if you help me. (direct request - Type 1)
- It would be nice if you helped me. (less direct, more polite request - Type 2)
- I will be grateful if you lend me some money. (direct request - Type 1)
- I would be grateful if you lent me some money. (more polite request - Type 2)
To be continued next post.
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日本語解説 (Japanese)
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IF節をマスターするシリーズ 第二回
（前回の投稿はコチラ：G010_｟"IF-clause" series one｠）
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IFを使う際に、下記の二つの場合があることを、大きく説明しましたが、
（IFを使う場合1： 実現可能性が五分五分の場合）
（IFを使う場合2： 事実に反する仮定を語る場合）
今回はまず、 IFを使う場合0： 「いつも確実に起こる事」を話す場合
がある事を説明します。
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IFを使う場合0：「いつも確実に起こる事」を話す場合
IF節と従属節両方で「現在形」を使う。
この場合のIFは「WHEN」と置き換える事が可能
- If you heat ice, it melts.
- When you heat ice, it melts.
- If he comes to town, we have dinner together.
- When he comes to town, we have dinner together.
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今回のメイントピックである
（IFを使う場合2：事実に反する仮定を語る場合）＝「仮定法過去」
を見ていきます。
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「現在の事実とは逆」の「仮定」、または
「現在・未来について、まずありえないと思われる事」の「仮定」を表す。
「想像、仮定、願望」など「心の中で考えた事」を述べる。
【実際には起こっていないが思った事】＝【仮定法】
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過去形、
「…だろうナァ」の帰結節の動詞は
「過去形助動詞(would、should、could、mightなど)＋原形」を用います。
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- If I were you, I would go home and take a good rest.
（IFを使う場合2：事実に反する仮定を語る場合）
【実際には】 私はあなたではないが 【仮に】
もし私があなただったら、帰宅してゆっくり休むのだがナァ
- If it were nice day, I could play tennis.
（IFを使う場合2：事実に反する仮定を語る場合）
【実際には】 今日は天気が良くないが 【仮に】
もし天気であったら、テニスができるのにナァ
キーワードは、『事実に反する仮定』を語る。
『事実』は「nice day」ではない、が、「nice day」だと「仮定」して、語る。
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- If he studied, he would get good marks.
- 彼は勉強すればよい点数を取るのだろうがナァ。
- If I knew his phone number, I could call him.
- 彼の電話番号を知っていれば、電話をかけられるのだがナァ。
- I would go if I were asked.
- 呼ばれたら、行くけどナァ。
- If I had money, I would buy this dress.
- もしお金があれば、このドレスを買うのだがナァ。
- If she learned to use a computer, she could easily find a job.
- コンピュータを習って使えるようになれば、彼女は簡単に勤め口が見つかるのにナァ。
- If I were you, I would accept his offer.
- 私だったら、彼の申し出を受けるナァ。
次回に続く。
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