I found noteworthy news on THE JAPAN TIMES.
ROCHELLE KOPP reported this article on SEP 11, 2019.
-------------------------------
Word vocabulary - English
-------------------------------
bubble
noun [countable]
1 Image of bubblea ball of air or gas in liquid
2 a small amount of air trapped in a solid substance
3 (also speech bubble) a circle around the words said by someone in a cartoon
4 a situation in which the prices of something such as company shares or houses increase a lot very quickly, so they are too high and will quickly come down again
bank
1 PLACE FOR MONEY
a) a business that keeps and lends money and provides other financial services
b) a local office of a bank
2 RIVER/LAKE land along the side of a river or lake
language
noun
1 ENGLISH/FRENCH/ARABIC ETC [countable, uncountable] a system of communication by written or spoken words, which is used by the people of a particular country or area
2 COMMUNICATION [uncountable] the use of written or spoken words to communicate
3 STYLE/TYPE OF WORDS [uncountable] a particular style or type of words
4 SWEARING [uncountable] informal words that most people think are offensive
mind/watch your language spoken (=stop swearing)
bad/foul/abusive language
5 COMPUTERS [countable, uncountable] technical a system of instructions for operating a computer
6 SIGNS/ACTIONS/SOUNDS [countable, uncountable] signs, movements, or sounds that express ideas or feelings
intermediate
1 adjective
a) an intermediate class, course etc is at a level of knowledge or skill that is between the basic level and the advanced level
b) intermediate students, sports players etc have reached a level of knowledge or skill that is between the basic level and the advanced level
2 an intermediate stage in a process of development is between two other stages
intensive
adjective
1 involving a lot of activity, effort, or careful attention in a short period of time
job-seeker
noun [countable] British English
someone who does not have a job and is looking for one
recruiter
noun [countable]
1someone who helps companies and organizations to find new people to work for them
2someone in a company who is involved in recruiting new employees
client
noun [countable]
1 someone who gets services or advice from a professional person, company, or organization = customer
2 technical a computer on a network that receives information from a server (=large powerful computer)
require
verb [transitive not in progressive]
1 to need something
2 if you are required to do or have something, a law or rule says you must do it or have it
specialized
adjective
trained, designed, or developed for a particular purpose, type of work, place etc
proficiency
noun [uncountable]
a good standard of ability and skill
certification
noun
1 [countable, uncountable] an official document that says that someone is allowed to do a certain job, that something is of good quality etc
2 [uncountable] the process of giving someone or something an official document that says they are allowed to do a certain job, that something is of good quality etc
benchmark
noun [countable]
something that is used as a standard by which other things can be judged or measured
Word vocabulary - Japanese
-------------------------------
bubble
bʌ́bl
【名-1】泡、気泡、シャボン玉
・I saw many bubbles in the soda.
ソーダの中にたくさんの泡が見えた。
【名-2】わずかな［一時的な］変化［逸脱］
【自動】泡立つ
【他動】泡立てる
【＠】バブル、【変化】《動》bubbles | bubbling | bubbled、【分節】bub・ble
うた‐かた【泡沫】 とは、
１ 水面に浮かぶ泡 (あわ) 。「泡沫の如 (ごと) く消える」
２ はかなく消えやすいもののたとえ。「泡沫の恋」「泡沫の夢」
bank
bǽŋk
【名-1】銀行
・I put all my money in the bank.
私はお金を全部銀行に預けた。
【名-2】《one's ～》取引銀行
【名-3】貯蔵所、貯金箱
【名-4】堤防、土手
【名-5】浅瀬、海嶺
【名-6】列
【名-7】〈俗〉お金
【自動】積み重なる、層を成す
【他動-1】銀行に預ける
【他動-2】～に堤防を築く、～を積み上げる、～に勾配をつける
【他動-3】（機体などを）傾ける
【＠】バンク、【変化】《動》banks | banking | banked
language
lǽŋɡwidʒ
【名-1】言語、言葉
・Kummel can speak five languages.
キュンメルは5カ国語を話すことができる。
【名-2】言葉遣い
【名-3】専門用語
【＠】ラングウェッジ、ランゲージ
【変化】《複》languages、【分節】lan・guage
intermediate
ìntə[r]míːdiət
【名-1】仲裁人、仲介者◆【略】inter. ; int.
【名-2】中間物、媒介物◆【略】inter. ; int.
【名-3】《化》中間体◆【略】inter. ; int.
【名-4】中型車◆【略】inter. ; int.
【形】中級の、中間の、中間にある◆【略】inter. ; int.
・If I pass the test, I can move up to intermediate [intermediary] level.
その試験に合格すれば、私は中級レベルに進むことができる。
【自動-1】調停する、仲介する
【自動-2】（中間に）介在する
【＠】インターミーディアト、インターメディエイト
【変化】《複》intermediates、【分節】in・ter・me・di・ate
intensive
inténsiv
【名】《文法》強意語
【形-1】激しい、強烈な、強い
【形-2】徹底的な、集中的な、（尋問などが）突っ込んだ
◆【反】extensive
・He was put in intensive care after the car accident.
彼は自動車事故の後集中治療を受けた。
・The agreement came after two weeks of intensive negotiations in Washington between the two countries.
その合意はワシントンでの二週間にわたる両国の集中協議の結果できたものである。
【形-3】《文法》強意の
【形-4】集約的な
【＠】インテンシブ、インテンスィブ
【変化】《複》intensives、【分節】in・ten・sive
job-seeker
【名】求職者
recruiter
【名】リクルートする人
client
kláiənt
【名-1】給付金を受けている人、相談に来る人、（カウンセラーを訪れる）来談者
◆【語源】ラテン語 client（忠告を聞く人）
【名-2】（弁護士への）依頼人、訴訟依頼人
・The lawyer asked his client to tell him the truth.
弁護士は自分の依頼人に真実を話してくれるよう頼んだ。
【名-3】仕事上の客、顧客、得意先、取引先、お得意様［さん］
【名-4】建築主、施主
【名-5】従属国
【名-6】クライアント◆コンピュータのネットワーク上で、サーバにつながっているコンピュータのこと。
【＠】クライアント、クライエント
【変化】《複》clients、【分節】cli・ent
require
rikwáiə[r]
【他動】～を必要とする、求める、～に（…するよう）要求する、命じる
・VHS type cassettes are required.
VHS タイプのカセットが必要です。
・In some kingdoms, all women are required to do military service.
すべての女性に兵役が義務付けられている王国もある。
【＠】リクワイア、【変化】《動》requires | requiring | required、【分節】re・quire
specialized
【形】特殊化した、分化した、専門の、専門化した、専門分野別の、ある専門分野に特化した
・Why are you interested in such a specialized area of study?
なぜ、そんなに特別な研究領域に興味を持っているのですか。
【分節】spe・cial・ized
proficiency
prəfíʃnsi
【名】上達、熟練、熟達、習熟
・My proficiency in French is not very good.
私のフランス語はあまりうまくない。
【分節】pro・fi・cien・cy
certification
sə̀ː[r]tifikéiʃn
【名】証明（書）、保証、認証
【＠】サーティフィケイション、【分節】cer・ti・fi・ca・tion
commonly used
なじみ深い、おなじみの、（一般に）よく［好んで］使われる［利用される］、一般的な、ありきたりの、人気がある
benchmark
【名-1】（他のものと比較するときの）基準、標準
・The new eco-car is a benchmark in fuel efficiency.
その新型エコカーが、燃費に関する一つの目安だ。
【名-2】《コ》ベンチマーク◆【略】BM
◆コンピュータやプログラムの性能や信頼性などを測定するときの基準となるものまたはその評価テストを指す。
・The benchmark of any console's performance is graphics.
どんなゲーム機でもその性能の評価基準はグラフィックスにある。
【名-3】（測量の）基準点、水準点◆【略】BM
【他動】（自社製品の改良のために他社の製品を）基準に従って評価する
【変化】《複》benchmarks
Reference
-----------------------------
ROCHELLE KOPP (2019). How much Japanese-language skill do you need to work in Japan? Available: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/community/2019/09/11/how-tos/much-japanese-language-skill-need-work-japan/#.XYBDiSj7Tiw
Back in the bubble period, I was able to get a job at a Japanese bank in Tokyo with language skills that were intermediate at best. With a lot of intensive effort (and classes kindly paid for by my employer) I was able to improve quickly and was eventually writing reports in Japanese. Looking at the non-Japanese working in Japan today, however, I see a lot of people who are coming into their jobs in Japan with much higher skills than I had when I started out. And I often hear job-seekers wondering how much Japanese they really need to work in Japan. So I asked some Japan-based recruiters for their view on what Japanese levels they see their clients requiring. I got a very consistent answer: With the exception of certain specialized positions, you’ll need to speak Japanese pretty well, with Japanese Language Proficiency Test Level 2 certification (N2) being a commonly-used benchmark.Statement analysis
-------------------------------
- Back in the bubble period,
- I was able to get a job at a Japanese bank
- in Tokyo with language skills
- that were intermediate at best.
- With a lot of intensive effort
- (and classes kindly paid for by my employer)
- I was able to improve quickly and
- was eventually writing reports in Japanese.
- Looking at the non-Japanese working
- in Japan today,
- however,
- I see a lot of people
- who are coming into their jobs
- in Japan with much higher skills than I had when I started out.
- And I often hear job-seekers
- wondering how much Japanese they really need to work in Japan.
- So I asked some Japan-based recruiters for their view
- on what Japanese levels they see their clients requiring.
- I got a very consistent answer:
- With the exception of certain specialized positions,
- you’ll need to speak Japanese pretty well,
- with Japanese Language Proficiency Test Level 2 certification (N2)
- being a commonly-used benchmark.
Word vocabulary - English
-------------------------------
bubble
noun [countable]
1 Image of bubblea ball of air or gas in liquid
2 a small amount of air trapped in a solid substance
3 (also speech bubble) a circle around the words said by someone in a cartoon
4 a situation in which the prices of something such as company shares or houses increase a lot very quickly, so they are too high and will quickly come down again
bank
1 PLACE FOR MONEY
a) a business that keeps and lends money and provides other financial services
b) a local office of a bank
2 RIVER/LAKE land along the side of a river or lake
language
noun
1 ENGLISH/FRENCH/ARABIC ETC [countable, uncountable] a system of communication by written or spoken words, which is used by the people of a particular country or area
2 COMMUNICATION [uncountable] the use of written or spoken words to communicate
3 STYLE/TYPE OF WORDS [uncountable] a particular style or type of words
4 SWEARING [uncountable] informal words that most people think are offensive
mind/watch your language spoken (=stop swearing)
bad/foul/abusive language
5 COMPUTERS [countable, uncountable] technical a system of instructions for operating a computer
6 SIGNS/ACTIONS/SOUNDS [countable, uncountable] signs, movements, or sounds that express ideas or feelings
intermediate
1 adjective
a) an intermediate class, course etc is at a level of knowledge or skill that is between the basic level and the advanced level
b) intermediate students, sports players etc have reached a level of knowledge or skill that is between the basic level and the advanced level
2 an intermediate stage in a process of development is between two other stages
intensive
adjective
1 involving a lot of activity, effort, or careful attention in a short period of time
job-seeker
noun [countable] British English
someone who does not have a job and is looking for one
recruiter
noun [countable]
1someone who helps companies and organizations to find new people to work for them
2someone in a company who is involved in recruiting new employees
client
noun [countable]
1 someone who gets services or advice from a professional person, company, or organization = customer
2 technical a computer on a network that receives information from a server (=large powerful computer)
require
verb [transitive not in progressive]
1 to need something
2 if you are required to do or have something, a law or rule says you must do it or have it
specialized
adjective
trained, designed, or developed for a particular purpose, type of work, place etc
proficiency
noun [uncountable]
a good standard of ability and skill
certification
noun
1 [countable, uncountable] an official document that says that someone is allowed to do a certain job, that something is of good quality etc
2 [uncountable] the process of giving someone or something an official document that says they are allowed to do a certain job, that something is of good quality etc
benchmark
noun [countable]
something that is used as a standard by which other things can be judged or measured
Word vocabulary - Japanese
-------------------------------
bubble
bʌ́bl
【名-1】泡、気泡、シャボン玉
・I saw many bubbles in the soda.
ソーダの中にたくさんの泡が見えた。
【名-2】わずかな［一時的な］変化［逸脱］
【自動】泡立つ
【他動】泡立てる
【＠】バブル、【変化】《動》bubbles | bubbling | bubbled、【分節】bub・ble
うた‐かた【泡沫】 とは、
１ 水面に浮かぶ泡 (あわ) 。「泡沫の如 (ごと) く消える」
２ はかなく消えやすいもののたとえ。「泡沫の恋」「泡沫の夢」
方丈記 『ゆく川の流れ』
原文
ゆく河の流れは 絶えずして、
しかも もとの水にあらず。
よどみに浮かぶ うたかたは、
かつ消え かつ結びて、
久しく とどまりたる ためしなし。
世の中にある 人と すみかと、
また かくのごとし。
英訳
The flowing river never stops
and yet the water never stays the same.
Foam floats upon the pools,
scattering, re-forming,
never lingering long.
So it is with man
and all his dwelling places
here on earth.
意訳
流れ過ぎていく河の流れは、
途絶えることがなくて、
（そこを流れる水も）もとの水ではないんだ。
（河の流れの）よどみに浮かんでいる 水の泡は、
一方では（形が）消え（てなくなり）
一方では（形が）できたりして、
長い間（そのままの状態で）とどまっているなんて、例はないよね。
この世に生きている人や
（その人たちが）住む場所も、
この（流れと泡の）ようなものじゃないかな。
bank
bǽŋk
【名-1】銀行
・I put all my money in the bank.
私はお金を全部銀行に預けた。
【名-2】《one's ～》取引銀行
【名-3】貯蔵所、貯金箱
【名-4】堤防、土手
【名-5】浅瀬、海嶺
【名-6】列
【名-7】〈俗〉お金
【自動】積み重なる、層を成す
【他動-1】銀行に預ける
【他動-2】～に堤防を築く、～を積み上げる、～に勾配をつける
【他動-3】（機体などを）傾ける
【＠】バンク、【変化】《動》banks | banking | banked
language
lǽŋɡwidʒ
【名-1】言語、言葉
・Kummel can speak five languages.
キュンメルは5カ国語を話すことができる。
【名-2】言葉遣い
【名-3】専門用語
【＠】ラングウェッジ、ランゲージ
【変化】《複》languages、【分節】lan・guage
intermediate
ìntə[r]míːdiət
【名-1】仲裁人、仲介者◆【略】inter. ; int.
【名-2】中間物、媒介物◆【略】inter. ; int.
【名-3】《化》中間体◆【略】inter. ; int.
【名-4】中型車◆【略】inter. ; int.
【形】中級の、中間の、中間にある◆【略】inter. ; int.
・If I pass the test, I can move up to intermediate [intermediary] level.
その試験に合格すれば、私は中級レベルに進むことができる。
【自動-1】調停する、仲介する
【自動-2】（中間に）介在する
【＠】インターミーディアト、インターメディエイト
【変化】《複》intermediates、【分節】in・ter・me・di・ate
intensive
inténsiv
【名】《文法》強意語
【形-1】激しい、強烈な、強い
【形-2】徹底的な、集中的な、（尋問などが）突っ込んだ
◆【反】extensive
・He was put in intensive care after the car accident.
彼は自動車事故の後集中治療を受けた。
・The agreement came after two weeks of intensive negotiations in Washington between the two countries.
その合意はワシントンでの二週間にわたる両国の集中協議の結果できたものである。
【形-3】《文法》強意の
【形-4】集約的な
【＠】インテンシブ、インテンスィブ
【変化】《複》intensives、【分節】in・ten・sive
job-seeker
【名】求職者
recruiter
【名】リクルートする人
client
kláiənt
【名-1】給付金を受けている人、相談に来る人、（カウンセラーを訪れる）来談者
◆【語源】ラテン語 client（忠告を聞く人）
【名-2】（弁護士への）依頼人、訴訟依頼人
・The lawyer asked his client to tell him the truth.
弁護士は自分の依頼人に真実を話してくれるよう頼んだ。
【名-3】仕事上の客、顧客、得意先、取引先、お得意様［さん］
【名-4】建築主、施主
【名-5】従属国
【名-6】クライアント◆コンピュータのネットワーク上で、サーバにつながっているコンピュータのこと。
【＠】クライアント、クライエント
【変化】《複》clients、【分節】cli・ent
require
rikwáiə[r]
【他動】～を必要とする、求める、～に（…するよう）要求する、命じる
・VHS type cassettes are required.
VHS タイプのカセットが必要です。
・In some kingdoms, all women are required to do military service.
すべての女性に兵役が義務付けられている王国もある。
【＠】リクワイア、【変化】《動》requires | requiring | required、【分節】re・quire
specialized
【形】特殊化した、分化した、専門の、専門化した、専門分野別の、ある専門分野に特化した
・Why are you interested in such a specialized area of study?
なぜ、そんなに特別な研究領域に興味を持っているのですか。
【分節】spe・cial・ized
proficiency
prəfíʃnsi
【名】上達、熟練、熟達、習熟
・My proficiency in French is not very good.
私のフランス語はあまりうまくない。
【分節】pro・fi・cien・cy
certification
sə̀ː[r]tifikéiʃn
【名】証明（書）、保証、認証
【＠】サーティフィケイション、【分節】cer・ti・fi・ca・tion
commonly used
なじみ深い、おなじみの、（一般に）よく［好んで］使われる［利用される］、一般的な、ありきたりの、人気がある
benchmark
【名-1】（他のものと比較するときの）基準、標準
・The new eco-car is a benchmark in fuel efficiency.
その新型エコカーが、燃費に関する一つの目安だ。
【名-2】《コ》ベンチマーク◆【略】BM
◆コンピュータやプログラムの性能や信頼性などを測定するときの基準となるものまたはその評価テストを指す。
・The benchmark of any console's performance is graphics.
どんなゲーム機でもその性能の評価基準はグラフィックスにある。
【名-3】（測量の）基準点、水準点◆【略】BM
【他動】（自社製品の改良のために他社の製品を）基準に従って評価する
【変化】《複》benchmarks
-----------------------------
ROCHELLE KOPP (2019). How much Japanese-language skill do you need to work in Japan? Available: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/community/2019/09/11/how-tos/much-japanese-language-skill-need-work-japan/#.XYBDiSj7Tiw
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